Many `ggplot2` functions accept (that is, ignore) a trailing comma. A few don't, such as `ggplot::labs`: ```r df <- data.frame() ggplot2::ggplot( df, ggplot2::aes( x = x, y = y, # trailing comma ), # trailing comma ) + ggplot2::labs( x = "x", y = "y", # no trailing comma allowed. Error: Argument 3 is empty ) + ggplot2::theme( , # trailing comma ) ```