Node 20 upgrade

[arbrandes]

Description

See the parent ticket for the general description and motivation, openedx/public-engineering#267. Make sure to follow its recommendations for each step of the process.

- [ ] https://github.com/openedx/frontend-app-discussions/pull/735
- [ ] https://github.com/openedx/frontend-app-discussions/pull/734
- [ ] https://github.com/openedx/frontend-app-discussions/pull/736
- [ ] https://github.com/openedx/frontend-app-discussions/pull/740
- [ ] https://github.com/openedx/frontend-app-discussions/pull/744