Undefined symbols

[yechentide]

Hello,
I was trying to use cpprestsdk on CLion.

I copied cmakelists and sample code from README and tutorial.
but the cmakelists didn't work:

Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
  "web::uri_builder::append_query_encode_impl(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)", referenced from:
      web::uri_builder& web::uri_builder::append_query<char [18]>(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, char const (&) [18], bool) in main.cpp.o
  "web::uri_builder::append_query_no_encode_impl(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)", referenced from:
      web::uri_builder& web::uri_builder::append_query<char [18]>(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, char const (&) [18], bool) in main.cpp.o
  "web::uri::uri(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&)", referenced from:
      web::http::client::http_client::request(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > const&, pplx::cancellation_token const&) in main.cpp.o
  "web::http::details::_http_request::_http_request(std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)", referenced from:
      void __gnu_cxx::new_allocator<web::http::details::_http_request>::construct<web::http::details::_http_request, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > >(web::http::details::_http_request*, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >&&) in main.cpp.o
  "web::http::methods::GET[abi:cxx11]", referenced from:
      main::{lambda(Concurrency::streams::basic_ostream<unsigned char>)#1}::operator()(Concurrency::streams::basic_ostream<unsigned char>) const in main.cpp.o
  "web::uri_builder::to_string[abi:cxx11]() const", referenced from:
      main::{lambda(Concurrency::streams::basic_ostream<unsigned char>)#1}::operator()(Concurrency::streams::basic_ostream<unsigned char>) const in main.cpp.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[3]: *** [learnCppRest] Error 1
make[2]: *** [CMakeFiles/learnCppRest.dir/all] Error 2
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/learnCppRest.dir/rule] Error 2
make: *** [learnCppRest] Error 2

I am new in c++ and cmake. I spent two days searching for a solution.
I changed cmakelists but I got same errors.
Now the cmake file is:

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.15)
project(learnCppRest)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)


set(OPENSSL_ROOT_DIR /usr/local/Cellar/openssl@1.1/1.1.1f)
set(CPPRESTSDK_INCLUDE_DIR /usr/local/Cellar/cpprestsdk/2.10.15/include)
set(CPPRESTSDK_SOURCE_DIR /usr/local/Cellar/cpprestsdk/2.10.15/lib)
set(OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR /usr/local/Cellar/openssl@1.1/1.1.1f/include)
set(OPENSSL_SOURCE_DIR /usr/local/Cellar/openssl@1.1/1.1.1f/lib)
set(BOOST_INCLUDE_DIR /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.72.0_1/include)
set(BOOST_SOURCE_DIR /usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.72.0_1/lib)


include_directories(${CPPRESTSDK_INCLUDE_DIR})
include_directories(${OPENSSL_INCLUDE_DIR})
include_directories(${BOOST_INCLUDE_DIR})

link_directories(${CPPRESTSDK_SOURCE_DIR})
link_directories(${OPENSSL_SOURCE_DIR})
link_directories(${BOOST_SOURCE_DIR})


find_package(cpprestsdk REQUIRED)

add_executable(learnCppRest main.cpp)


target_link_libraries(learnCppRest
        ${CPPRESTSDK_SOURCE_DIR}/libcpprest.2.10.dylib
        ${CPPRESTSDK_SOURCE_DIR}/libcpprest.dylib
        ${OPENSSL_SOURCE_DIR}/libssl.dylib
        ${OPENSSL_SOURCE_DIR}/libcrypto.dylib
        ${BOOST_SOURCE_DIR}/libboost_system.dylib
)

Could anyone give me any suggestions or solutions?
Thank you in advance.

my OS and IDE

• MacOS 10.14.6
• CLion 2019.3.4

my toolchain

• CMake 3.15.3
  (Bundled)
• make 3.8.1
  (/usr/bin/make)
• gcc 9.3.0
  (/usr/local/bin/gcc)
• g++
  (/usr/local/bin/g++)

dependencies

• openssl 1.1.1f
  (/usr/local/Cellar/openssl@1.1/1.1.1f)
• boost 1.72.0
  (/usr/local/Cellar/boost/1.72.0_1)

[garethsb]

This looks like a GCC dual ABI issue, that C++ REST SDK itself has been built with one libstdc++ ABI, and your code is being built with the other. This is controlled by GCC preprocessor symbol _GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI. I'm not sure whether changing set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17) to 11 would make your build consistent, or whether you can add

add_definitions(-D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=0)
# or
#add_definitions(-D_GLIBCXX_USE_CXX11_ABI=1)

[yechentide]

Thanks for your comment!
I tried but the code didn't work.
Do you mean maybe one of dependencies was built whith old ABI?
I installed all libraries with homebrew, should I check the ABI first?

[garethsb]

@yechentide did you find the cause/solution?

[yechentide]

@garethsb-sony I apologize for the delay in replying to you.
I've been busy these last few months, so I left this issue aside. (I learn C++ just as a hobby)
I didn't find any cause or solution,
but the error I reported in April disappeared after I rewrote cmakelists.txt, and a new error appeared....T_T

/usr/local/Cellar/cpprestsdk/2.10.16/include/cpprest/asyncrt_utils.h:317:13: error: 'locale_t' does not name a type

asyncrt_utils.h:

#ifndef _WIN32
#include <sys/time.h>
#if !defined(ANDROID) && !defined(__ANDROID__) && defined(HAVE_XLOCALE_H) // CodePlex 269
/* Systems using glibc: xlocale.h has been removed from glibc 2.26
   The above include of locale.h is sufficient
   Further details: https://sourceware.org/git/?p=glibc.git;a=commit;h=f0be25b6336db7492e47d2e8e72eb8af53b5506d */
#include <xlocale.h>
#endif
#endif

It seems that asyncrt_utils.h didn't include xlocale.h.
Maybe there was a problem with the variable named HAVE_XLOCALE_H,
so I added two lines to cmakelists.txt

CHECK_INCLUDE_FILES(xlocale.h CHECH_HAVE_XLOCALE_H)
message(CHECH_HAVE_XLOCALE_H)

then

CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:22 (CHECK_INCLUDE_FILES):
  Unknown CMake command "CHECK_INCLUDE_FILES".

I will try to find a solusion again someday :(
Thank you for your help.