Fix core get/set properties

[rahulchaphalkar]

• Resolves Unable to retrieve core properties #122
• Removed functions which allowed get/set properties without device name. This use case is not documented in openvino docs, and the openvino c-api do not allow not passing device name, so this change adheres to that.
• Pass property_key as reference instead of value
• Added tests related to supported properties and RW properties for CPU
• I've opened an issue here [Good First Issue]: Set/Get Properties in C-API openvinotoolkit/openvino#24911 and will update with more tests based on the resolution there at a later point if need be (for example adding more tests checking unsupported cpu properties etc. It is undocumented right now, so haven't added those tests yet).