[PM-18414] CI restructuring #4 - Consolidate build.sh

[vvolkgang]

🎟️ Tracking

PM-18414

📔 Objective

Splitting this change from the bigger CI restructuring branch.

Consolidates Password Manager and Authenticator build.sh files and as a consequence we now have the building blocks to create Authenticator builds for Simulator - used for automated UI testing -, which'll be introduced in new workflows.

Test runs:

• BWPM - https://github.com/bitwarden/ios/actions/runs/14644513967
• BWA - https://github.com/bitwarden/ios/actions/runs/14644497987

⏰ Reminders before review

• Contributor guidelines followed
• All formatters and local linters executed and passed
• Written new unit and / or integration tests where applicable
• Protected functional changes with optionality (feature flags)
• Used internationalization (i18n) for all UI strings
• CI builds passed
• Communicated to DevOps any deployment requirements
• Updated any necessary documentation (Confluence, contributing docs) or informed the documentation team

🦮 Reviewer guidelines

• 👍 (:+1:) or similar for great changes
• 📝 (:memo:) or ℹ️ (:information_source:) for notes or general info
• ❓ (:question:) for questions
• 🤔 (:thinking:) or 💭 (:thought_balloon:) for more open inquiry that's not quite a confirmed issue and could potentially benefit from discussion
• 🎨 (:art:) for suggestions / improvements
• ❌ (:x:) or ⚠️ (:warning:) for more significant problems or concerns needing attention
• 🌱 (:seedling:) or ♻️ (:recycle:) for future improvements or indications of technical debt
• ⛏ (:pick:) for minor or nitpick changes

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 85.95%. Comparing base (6b72644) to head (205972f).
Report is 56 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #1526      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   89.68%   85.95%   -3.74%     
==========================================
  Files         777      988     +211     
  Lines       48965    59221   +10256     
==========================================
+ Hits        43916    50901    +6985     
- Misses       5049     8320    +3271     

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[github-actions]

Checkmarx One – Scan Summary & Details – fc36150f-8352-48d1-bb73-db895c80e179

Great job, no security vulnerabilities found in this Pull Request