Limit the recursion depth on token graph for preventing StackOverflow

[jainankitk]

Description

For one of the customer workloads, saw the below error:

[2023-06-01T14:06:36,722][ERROR][o.e.b.ElasticsearchUncaughtExceptionHandler] [3d0cd173f993f66856fa05a22232a18f] fatal error in thread [elasticsearch[3d0cd173f993f66856fa05a22232a18f][search][T#12]], exiting
java.lang.StackOverflowError
    at org.apache.lucene.util.graph.GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.articulationPointsRecurse(GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.java:277)
    at org.apache.lucene.util.graph.GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.articulationPointsRecurse(GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.java:277)
    at org.apache.lucene.util.graph.GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.articulationPointsRecurse(GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.java:277)
    at org.apache.lucene.util.graph.GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.articulationPointsRecurse(GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.java:277)
    at org.apache.lucene.util.graph.GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.articulationPointsRecurse(GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.java:277)
    at org.apache.lucene.util.graph.GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.articulationPointsRecurse(GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.java:277)
    at org.apache.lucene.util.graph.GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.articulationPointsRecurse(GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.java:277)
    at org.apache.lucene.util.graph.GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.articulationPointsRecurse(GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.java:277)
    at org.apache.lucene.util.graph.GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.articulationPointsRecurse(GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.java:277)
    at org.apache.lucene.util.graph.GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.articulationPointsRecurse(GraphTokenStreamFiniteStrings.java:277)

Although the customer acknowledged state explosion due to their malformed regex query, wondering if we should prevent the process from crashing by limiting the recursion depth?

Don't think there is much point writing this iteratively using stack, as we might run of heap memory still

Version and environment details

Lucene version - 8.7.0 with Elasticsearch 7.10.2

[jpountz]

This will be fixed in Lucene 9.7: #12249.