Fix crash in catching-non-exception when something besides a class in except (#10232) (#10234)

(cherry picked from commit 007a745)

Co-authored-by: ChandanChainani <[email protected]>

Author: github-actions[bot]

doc/whatsnew/fragments/10106.bugfix

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Fix a crash when something besides a class is found in an except handler.
+
+Closes #10106

pylint/checkers/exceptions.py

@@ -432,7 +432,13 @@ def _check_catching_non_exception(
                 return
             if all(
                 node
-                and (utils.inherit_from_std_ex(node) or not utils.has_known_bases(node))
+                and (
+                    utils.inherit_from_std_ex(node)
+                    or (
+                        isinstance(node, nodes.ClassDef)
+                        and not utils.has_known_bases(node)
+                    )
+                )
                 for node in inferred
             ):
                 return

tests/functional/i/invalid/invalid_exceptions/invalid_exceptions_caught.py

@@ -132,3 +132,11 @@ class SomeBase(UnknownError):
     raise ValueError
 except EXCEPTIONS:
     pass
+
+
+LAMBDA = lambda x: 1, 2
+
+try:
+    pass
+except LAMBDA:  # [catching-non-exception]
+    pass

tests/functional/i/invalid/invalid_exceptions/invalid_exceptions_caught.txt

@@ -10,3 +10,4 @@ catching-non-exception:71:7:71:52::"Catching an exception which doesn't inherit
 catching-non-exception:84:7:84:26::"Catching an exception which doesn't inherit from Exception: NON_EXCEPTION_TUPLE":UNDEFINED
 catching-non-exception:102:7:102:13::"Catching an exception which doesn't inherit from Exception: object":UNDEFINED
 catching-non-exception:107:7:107:12::"Catching an exception which doesn't inherit from Exception: range":UNDEFINED
+catching-non-exception:141:7:141:13::"Catching an exception which doesn't inherit from Exception: LAMBDA":UNDEFINED