fix errorhandler type check

[delicb]

• fixes error handler type check fails #4295

Not really sure what was wrong with the original code and why it did not work, but I could reproduce it consistently. This change simplifies typing.py and it passes my local tests. I have tried mypy with following combinations (results in the comments):

from werkzeug.exceptions import HTTPException

class MyHTTPException(HTTPException): pass


# PASS - base case
@app.errorhandler(Exception)
def handle_any_exception(e: Exception) -> tuple[str, int]:
    return "generic error", 500


# PASS - non-base exception, using werkzeug.exceptions.HTTPExceptions as example
@app.errorhandler(HTTPException)
def handle_http_exception(e: HTTPException) -> ResponseReturnValue:
    log.exception("unknown error", exc_info=e)
    return "ERROR", e.code


# PASS - handling more specific exception, accepting more general one as parameter, should work
@app.errorhandler(HTTPException)
def handle_http_exception_lower_type(e: Exception) -> ResponseReturnValue:
    return str(e), 500


# PASS - custom defined exception in error handler, base exception as parameter
@app.errorhandler(MyHTTPException)
def handle_my_http_exception(e: HTTPException) -> ResponseReturnValue:
    return "error", e.code


# FAIL - since handler is accepting broader exception than declared in errorhandler parameter
@app.errorhandler(Exception)
def handle_any_exception_wrong_parameter(e: HTTPException) -> ResponseReturnValue:
    return str(e), e.code


# FAIL - unrelated exceptions
@app.errorhandler(KeyError)
def handler_value_error(e: ValueError) -> tuple[str, int]:
    return "value error", 500


# PASS - works as before, no changes
@app.errorhandler(404)
def handle_404(error: Exception) -> tuple[str, int]:
    return "not found", 404

Equivalent calls to app.register_error_handler behave the same as a decorator usage, as expected.

I did not find any tests of framework to tests typing, that is why I performed manually local testing. If I should change the code to test this change, please do let me know.

Please let me know if I should have done something different regarding CHANGES.rst.
Checklist:

• Add tests that demonstrate the correct behavior of the change. Tests should fail without the change.
• Add or update relevant docs, in the docs folder and in code.
• Add an entry in CHANGES.rst summarizing the change and linking to the issue.
• Add .. versionchanged:: entries in any relevant code docs.
• Run pre-commit hooks and fix any issues.
• Run pytest and tox, no tests failed.

[delicb]

I see no conflicts between this patch and 2.0.x branch. It seems that mergable check got stuck because I made a mistake and sent PR to main instead of 2.0.x branch initially.

[davidism]

Sorry for the issue, please open a new PR.

[delicb]

No problem. Done: #4298