Muon with QK-Clip support (#1198)

* fix qwen2 init

* add Muon Optimizer

* add test script

* move test scripts

* improve speed

* improve speed 2

* add MLA attention

* fix error

* Qwen2 add MLA & Muon support QK-clip

* turn on shuffle

Author: zhtmike

mindone/trainers/muon.py

@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+"""Modified from https://github.com/MoonshotAI/Moonlight/blob/master/examples/toy_train.py"""
+import math
+from typing import List, Optional, Tuple, Union
+
+import mindspore as ms
+import mindspore.mint as mint
+import mindspore.ops as ops
+from mindspore import Parameter, ParameterTuple, Tensor
+from mindspore.experimental.optim.optimizer import Optimizer
+
+_muon_opt = ops.MultitypeFuncGraph("muon_opt")
+
+
+@_muon_opt.register(
+    "Float",
+    "Float",
+    "Float",
+    "Float",
+    "Bool",
+    "Int",
+    "Float",
+    "Tensor",
+    "Tensor",
+    "Tensor",
+    "Tensor",
+    "Tensor",
+    "Tensor",
+    "Float",
+    "Bool",
+)
+def _update_run_op(
+    mu: float,
+    beta1: float,
+    beta2: float,
+    eps: float,
+    nesterov: bool,
+    ns_steps: int,
+    weight_decay: float,
+    lr: Parameter,
+    denom: Parameter,
+    param: Parameter,
+    m: Parameter,
+    v: Parameter,
+    g: Tensor,
+    ratio: float,
+    use_muon: bool,
+) -> bool:
+    if weight_decay != 0:
+        param.mul_(1 - lr * weight_decay)
+
+    if use_muon:
+        m.mul_(mu).add_(g)
+        if nesterov:
+            g = g.add(m, alpha=mu)
+        else:
+            g = m
+        g = zeropower_via_newtonschulz5(g, steps=ns_steps)
+        param.add_(lr * g, alpha=-ratio)
+    else:
+        m_next = mint.lerp(g, m, beta1)
+        v_next = mint.lerp(mint.square(g), v, beta2)
+        g = m_next / (eps + mint.sqrt(v_next))
+        param.add_(-(lr / denom) * g)
+        ops.assign(m, m_next)
+        ops.assign(v, v_next)
+    return True
+
+
+_qk_clip_opt = ops.MultitypeFuncGraph("qk_clip_opt")
+
+
+@_qk_clip_opt.register("Float", "Int", "Tensor", "Tensor", "Tensor")
+def _update_clip_op(
+    clip_value: float, qk_nope_head_dim: int, qk: Tensor, q_b_projs: Parameter, kv_b_projs: Parameter
+) -> bool:
+    qk = mint.transpose(qk, 0, 1).flatten(start_dim=1)
+    qk_max, _ = mint.max(qk, dim=1)
+    num_head = qk_max.shape[0]
+    scale = mint.clip(clip_value / qk_max, max=1.0)
+    scale = scale[:, None, None]
+    scale_sqrt = mint.sqrt(scale)
+    # clip Q projection
+    outdim, _ = q_b_projs.shape
+    head_dim = outdim // num_head
+    scale_q_b_nope = mint.tile(scale_sqrt, (1, qk_nope_head_dim, 1))
+    scale_q_b_rope = mint.tile(scale, (1, head_dim - qk_nope_head_dim, 1))
+    scale_q_b = mint.cat([scale_q_b_nope, scale_q_b_rope], dim=1)
+    q_b_projs.mul_(scale_q_b.view(-1, 1))
+    # clip K projection
+    outdim, _ = kv_b_projs.shape
+    head_dim = outdim // num_head
+    scale_kv_b_nope = mint.tile(scale_sqrt, (1, qk_nope_head_dim, 1))
+    scale_kv_b_rope = mint.ones((num_head, head_dim - qk_nope_head_dim, 1), dtype=scale_sqrt.dtype)
+    scale_kv_b = mint.cat([scale_kv_b_nope, scale_kv_b_rope], dim=1)
+    kv_b_projs.mul_(scale_kv_b.view(-1, 1))
+    return True
+
+
+def zeropower_via_newtonschulz5(G: Tensor, steps: int) -> Tensor:
+    """
+    Newton-Schulz iteration to compute the zeroth power / orthogonalization of G. We opt to use a
+    quintic iteration whose coefficients are selected to maximize the slope at zero. For the purpose
+    of minimizing steps, it turns out to be empirically effective to keep increasing the slope at
+    zero even beyond the point where the iteration no longer converges all the way to one everywhere
+    on the interval. This iteration therefore does not produce UV^T but rather something like US'V^T
+    where S' is diagonal with S_{ii}' ~ Uniform(0.5, 1.5), which turns out not to hurt model
+    performance at all relative to UV^T, where USV^T = G is the SVD.
+    """
+    shape = G.shape
+
+    if len(shape) > 2:
+        G = G.view(G.shape[0], -1)
+    assert len(shape) == 2
+
+    a, b, c = 3.4445, -4.7750, 2.0315
+    X = G.bfloat16()
+    if G.shape[0] > G.shape[1]:
+        X = mint.t(X)
+
+    # Ensure spectral norm is at most 1
+    X = X / (mint.norm(X) + 1e-7)
+    # Perform the NS iterations
+    for _ in range(steps):
+        A = mint.matmul(X, X.T)
+        B = mint.addmm(A, A, A, beta=b, alpha=c)  # adapted from suggestion by @jxbz, @leloykun, and @YouJiacheng
+        X = mint.addmm(X, B, X, beta=a)
+
+    if G.shape[0] > G.shape[1]:
+        X = mint.t(X)
+
+    if len(shape) > 2:
+        X = X.view(*shape)
+    return X
+
+
+class Muon(Optimizer):
+    """Following https://github.com/MoonshotAI/Moonlight"""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        lr: Union[float, Tensor] = 1e-3,
+        wd: float = 0.1,
+        muon_params: Optional[List[Parameter]] = None,
+        momentum: float = 0.95,
+        nesterov: bool = True,
+        ns_steps: int = 5,
+        adamw_params: Optional[List[Parameter]] = None,
+        adamw_betas: Tuple[float, float] = (0.9, 0.95),
+        adamw_eps: float = 1e-8,
+        clip_value: Optional[float] = 100.0,
+        qk_nope_head_dim: int = 64,
+    ) -> None:
+        defaults = dict(
+            lr=lr,
+            wd=wd,
+            momentum=momentum,
+            nesterov=nesterov,
+            ns_steps=ns_steps,
+            adamw_betas=adamw_betas,
+            adamw_eps=adamw_eps,
+        )
+        params = list(muon_params)
+        adamw_params = list(adamw_params) if adamw_params is not None else []
+        params.extend(adamw_params)
+        super().__init__(params, defaults)
+        self.clip_value = clip_value
+        self.qk_nope_head_dim = qk_nope_head_dim
+        # Sort parameters into those for which we will use Muon, and those for which we will not
+        use_muon = list()
+        for p in muon_params:
+            # Use Muon for every parameter in muon_params which is >= 2D and doesn't look like an embedding or head layer
+            assert p.ndim >= 2, p.ndim
+            use_muon.append(True)
+
+        for p in adamw_params:
+            # Do not use Muon for parameters in adamw_params
+            use_muon.append(False)
+        self.use_muon = tuple(use_muon)
+
+        self.exp_avg = self.parameters.clone("exp_avg", init="zeros")
+        self.exp_avg_sq = ParameterTuple(
+            [
+                (
+                    Parameter(mint.zeros(x.shape, dtype=x.dtype), name="exp_avg_sq." + x.name)
+                    if not use_muon
+                    else Parameter([], name="exp_avg_sq." + x.name)
+                )
+                for x, use_muon in zip(self.parameters, self.use_muon)
+            ]
+        )
+
+        self.lr_ratio = tuple([self._cal_lr_ratio(x, use_muon) for x, use_muon in zip(self.parameters, self.use_muon)])
+
+        self.state_step = Parameter(Tensor(0, dtype=ms.int32))
+        self.increase_tensor = Tensor(1, dtype=ms.int32)
+        self.denom = Parameter(Tensor(1.0, dtype=ms.float32))
+
+        if self.clip_value is not None:
+            # group the Q and KV projection first for easier updating in QK-clip
+            # TODO: it should be extracted from optimizer as extra inputs
+            q_b_projs = []
+            kv_b_projs = []
+            for x in self.parameters:
+                if x.name.endswith("q_b_proj.weight"):
+                    layer_idx = int(x.name.split(".")[2])
+                    q_b_projs.append((layer_idx, x))
+                elif x.name.endswith("kv_b_proj.weight"):
+                    layer_idx = int(x.name.split(".")[2])
+                    kv_b_projs.append((layer_idx, x))
+            q_b_projs = sorted(q_b_projs, key=lambda x: x[0])
+            kv_b_projs = sorted(kv_b_projs, key=lambda x: x[0])
+            self.q_b_projs = ParameterTuple([x[1] for x in q_b_projs])
+            self.kv_b_projs = ParameterTuple([x[1] for x in kv_b_projs])
+            assert len(self.q_b_projs) > 0 and len(self.kv_b_projs) > 0
+
+    def _cal_lr_ratio(self, param: Parameter, use_muon: bool, rms_scale: float = 0.2) -> float:
+        if not use_muon:
+            return 1.0
+
+        A, B = param.shape[:2]
+        # We adjust the learning rate and weight decay based on the size of the parameter matrix
+        # as describted in the paper
+        adjusted_ratio = rms_scale * math.sqrt(max(A, B))
+        return adjusted_ratio
+
+    @ms.jit(jit_level="O1")
+    def muon(
+        self,
+        momentum: float,
+        beta1: float,
+        beta2: float,
+        eps: float,
+        nesterov: bool,
+        ns_steps: int,
+        weight_decay: float,
+        lr: Parameter,
+        gradients: Tuple[Tensor, ...],
+        ratio: Tuple[float, ...],
+        use_muon: Tuple[bool, ...],
+        start_id: int,
+        end_id: int,
+    ) -> bool:
+        bias_correction1 = 1 - beta1**self.state_step
+        bias_correction2 = 1 - beta2**self.state_step
+        ops.assign(self.denom, bias_correction1 / bias_correction2**0.5)
+
+        optim_result = self.hyper_map(
+            ops.partial(
+                _muon_opt,
+                momentum,
+                beta1,
+                beta2,
+                eps,
+                nesterov,
+                ns_steps,
+                weight_decay,
+                lr,
+                self.denom,
+            ),
+            self.parameters[start_id:end_id],
+            self.exp_avg[start_id:end_id],
+            self.exp_avg_sq[start_id:end_id],
+            gradients[start_id:end_id],
+            ratio[start_id:end_id],
+            use_muon[start_id:end_id],
+        )
+        return optim_result
+
+    @ms.jit(jit_level="O1")
+    def qk_clip(self, qk_products: Tuple[Tensor, ...]) -> bool:
+        optim_result = self.hyper_map(
+            ops.partial(_qk_clip_opt, self.clip_value, self.qk_nope_head_dim),
+            qk_products,
+            self.q_b_projs,
+            self.kv_b_projs,
+        )
+        return optim_result
+
+    def construct(self, gradients: Tuple[Tensor, ...], qk_products: Optional[Tuple[Tensor, ...]] = None) -> bool:
+        if self.clip_value is not None:
+            assert qk_products is not None
+
+        self.state_step.add_(self.increase_tensor)
+        for group_id, group in enumerate(self.param_groups):
+            beta1, beta2 = group["adamw_betas"]
+            start_id = self.group_start_id[group_id]
+            end_id = self.group_start_id[group_id + 1]
+
+            self.muon(
+                group["momentum"],
+                beta1,
+                beta2,
+                group["adamw_eps"],
+                group["nesterov"],
+                group["ns_steps"],
+                group["weight_decay"],
+                group["lr"],
+                gradients,
+                self.lr_ratio,
+                self.use_muon,
+                start_id,
+                end_id,
+            )
+
+        if self.clip_value is None:
+            return True
+        else:
+            optim_result = self.qk_clip(qk_products)
+            return optim_result