Rollup merge of rust-lang#79554 - b-naber:generic-associated-types-in-trait-paths, r=jackh726

Generic associated types in trait paths

This is the second part of rust-lang#78978

This should fix:

Fixes rust-lang#67510
Fixes rust-lang#68648
Fixes rust-lang#68649
Fixes rust-lang#68650
Fixes rust-lang#68652
Fixes rust-lang#74684
Fixes rust-lang#76535
Fixes rust-lang#79422
Fixes rust-lang#80433

and implement the remaining functionality needed for rust-lang#44265

r? ``@matthewjasper``

Author: m-ou-se

compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/lib.rs

@@ -1076,16 +1076,40 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> LoweringContext<'a, 'hir> {
     fn lower_assoc_ty_constraint(
         &mut self,
         constraint: &AssocTyConstraint,
-        itctx: ImplTraitContext<'_, 'hir>,
+        mut itctx: ImplTraitContext<'_, 'hir>,
     ) -> hir::TypeBinding<'hir> {
         debug!("lower_assoc_ty_constraint(constraint={:?}, itctx={:?})", constraint, itctx);
 
-        if let Some(ref gen_args) = constraint.gen_args {
-            self.sess.span_fatal(
-                gen_args.span(),
-                "generic associated types in trait paths are currently not implemented",
-            );
-        }
+        // lower generic arguments of identifier in constraint
+        let gen_args = if let Some(ref gen_args) = constraint.gen_args {
+            let gen_args_ctor = match gen_args {
+                GenericArgs::AngleBracketed(ref data) => {
+                    self.lower_angle_bracketed_parameter_data(
+                        data,
+                        ParamMode::Explicit,
+                        itctx.reborrow(),
+                    )
+                    .0
+                }
+                GenericArgs::Parenthesized(ref data) => {
+                    let mut err = self.sess.struct_span_err(
+                        gen_args.span(),
+                        "parenthesized generic arguments cannot be used in associated type constraints"
+                    );
+                    // FIXME: try to write a suggestion here
+                    err.emit();
+                    self.lower_angle_bracketed_parameter_data(
+                        &data.as_angle_bracketed_args(),
+                        ParamMode::Explicit,
+                        itctx.reborrow(),
+                    )
+                    .0
+                }
+            };
+            self.arena.alloc(gen_args_ctor.into_generic_args(&self.arena))
+        } else {
+            self.arena.alloc(hir::GenericArgs::none())
+        };
 
         let kind = match constraint.kind {
             AssocTyConstraintKind::Equality { ref ty } => {
@@ -1182,6 +1206,7 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> LoweringContext<'a, 'hir> {
         hir::TypeBinding {
             hir_id: self.lower_node_id(constraint.id),
             ident: constraint.ident,
+            gen_args,
             kind,
             span: constraint.span,
         }

compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/path.rs

@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> LoweringContext<'a, 'hir> {
         }
     }
 
-    fn lower_angle_bracketed_parameter_data(
+    pub(crate) fn lower_angle_bracketed_parameter_data(
         &mut self,
         data: &AngleBracketedArgs,
         param_mode: ParamMode,
@@ -426,6 +426,9 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> LoweringContext<'a, 'hir> {
     ) -> hir::TypeBinding<'hir> {
         let ident = Ident::with_dummy_span(hir::FN_OUTPUT_NAME);
         let kind = hir::TypeBindingKind::Equality { ty };
-        hir::TypeBinding { hir_id: self.next_id(), span, ident, kind }
+        let args = arena_vec![self;];
+        let bindings = arena_vec![self;];
+        let gen_args = self.arena.alloc(hir::GenericArgs { args, bindings, parenthesized: false });
+        hir::TypeBinding { hir_id: self.next_id(), gen_args, span, ident, kind }
     }
 }

compiler/rustc_hir/src/hir.rs

@@ -2015,6 +2015,7 @@ pub struct TypeBinding<'hir> {
     pub hir_id: HirId,
     #[stable_hasher(project(name))]
     pub ident: Ident,
+    pub gen_args: &'hir GenericArgs<'hir>,
     pub kind: TypeBindingKind<'hir>,
     pub span: Span,
 }

compiler/rustc_hir/src/intravisit.rs

@@ -781,6 +781,7 @@ pub fn walk_assoc_type_binding<'v, V: Visitor<'v>>(
 ) {
     visitor.visit_id(type_binding.hir_id);
     visitor.visit_ident(type_binding.ident);
+    visitor.visit_generic_args(type_binding.span, type_binding.gen_args);
     match type_binding.kind {
         TypeBindingKind::Equality { ref ty } => {
             visitor.visit_ty(ty);

compiler/rustc_hir_pretty/src/lib.rs

@@ -1840,6 +1840,7 @@ impl<'a> State<'a> {
             for binding in generic_args.bindings.iter() {
                 start_or_comma(self);
                 self.print_ident(binding.ident);
+                self.print_generic_args(binding.gen_args, false, false);
                 self.s.space();
                 match generic_args.bindings[0].kind {
                     hir::TypeBindingKind::Equality { ref ty } => {

compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/sty.rs

@@ -1132,8 +1132,16 @@ impl<'tcx> ProjectionTy<'tcx> {
     /// For example, if this is a projection of `<T as Iterator>::Item`,
     /// then this function would return a `T: Iterator` trait reference.
     pub fn trait_ref(&self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> ty::TraitRef<'tcx> {
+        // FIXME: This method probably shouldn't exist at all, since it's not
+        // clear what this method really intends to do. Be careful when
+        // using this method since the resulting TraitRef additionally
+        // contains the substs for the assoc_item, which strictly speaking
+        // is not correct
         let def_id = tcx.associated_item(self.item_def_id).container.id();
-        ty::TraitRef { def_id, substs: self.substs.truncate_to(tcx, tcx.generics_of(def_id)) }
+        // Include substitutions for generic arguments of associated types
+        let assoc_item = tcx.associated_item(self.item_def_id);
+        let substs_assoc_item = self.substs.truncate_to(tcx, tcx.generics_of(assoc_item.def_id));
+        ty::TraitRef { def_id, substs: substs_assoc_item }
     }
 
     pub fn self_ty(&self) -> Ty<'tcx> {

compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/object_safety.rs

@@ -257,13 +257,11 @@ fn predicates_reference_self(
 }
 
 fn bounds_reference_self(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, trait_def_id: DefId) -> SmallVec<[Span; 1]> {
-    let trait_ref = ty::Binder::dummy(ty::TraitRef::identity(tcx, trait_def_id));
     tcx.associated_items(trait_def_id)
         .in_definition_order()
         .filter(|item| item.kind == ty::AssocKind::Type)
         .flat_map(|item| tcx.explicit_item_bounds(item.def_id))
-        .map(|&(predicate, sp)| (predicate.subst_supertrait(tcx, &trait_ref), sp))
-        .filter_map(|predicate| predicate_references_self(tcx, predicate))
+        .filter_map(|pred_span| predicate_references_self(tcx, *pred_span))
         .collect()
 }
 

compiler/rustc_typeck/src/astconv/mod.rs

@@ -112,12 +112,15 @@ pub enum SizedByDefault {
     No,
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug)]
 struct ConvertedBinding<'a, 'tcx> {
     item_name: Ident,
     kind: ConvertedBindingKind<'a, 'tcx>,
+    gen_args: &'a GenericArgs<'a>,
     span: Span,
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug)]
 enum ConvertedBindingKind<'a, 'tcx> {
     Equality(Ty<'tcx>),
     Constraint(&'a [hir::GenericBound<'a>]),
@@ -323,6 +326,7 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
 
         let tcx = self.tcx();
         let generics = tcx.generics_of(def_id);
+        debug!("generics: {:?}", generics);
 
         if generics.has_self {
             if generics.parent.is_some() {
@@ -557,7 +561,12 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
                         ConvertedBindingKind::Constraint(bounds)
                     }
                 };
-                ConvertedBinding { item_name: binding.ident, kind, span: binding.span }
+                ConvertedBinding {
+                    item_name: binding.ident,
+                    kind,
+                    gen_args: binding.gen_args,
+                    span: binding.span,
+                }
             })
             .collect();
 
@@ -918,60 +927,27 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
         dup_bindings: &mut FxHashMap<DefId, Span>,
         path_span: Span,
     ) -> Result<(), ErrorReported> {
-        let tcx = self.tcx();
-
-        if !speculative {
-            // Given something like `U: SomeTrait<T = X>`, we want to produce a
-            // predicate like `<U as SomeTrait>::T = X`. This is somewhat
-            // subtle in the event that `T` is defined in a supertrait of
-            // `SomeTrait`, because in that case we need to upcast.
-            //
-            // That is, consider this case:
-            //
-            // ```
-            // trait SubTrait: SuperTrait<i32> { }
-            // trait SuperTrait<A> { type T; }
-            //
-            // ... B: SubTrait<T = foo> ...
-            // ```
-            //
-            // We want to produce `<B as SuperTrait<i32>>::T == foo`.
-
-            // Find any late-bound regions declared in `ty` that are not
-            // declared in the trait-ref. These are not well-formed.
-            //
-            // Example:
-            //
-            //     for<'a> <T as Iterator>::Item = &'a str // <-- 'a is bad
-            //     for<'a> <T as FnMut<(&'a u32,)>>::Output = &'a str // <-- 'a is ok
-            if let ConvertedBindingKind::Equality(ty) = binding.kind {
-                let late_bound_in_trait_ref =
-                    tcx.collect_constrained_late_bound_regions(&trait_ref);
-                let late_bound_in_ty =
-                    tcx.collect_referenced_late_bound_regions(&ty::Binder::bind(ty));
-                debug!("late_bound_in_trait_ref = {:?}", late_bound_in_trait_ref);
-                debug!("late_bound_in_ty = {:?}", late_bound_in_ty);
+        // Given something like `U: SomeTrait<T = X>`, we want to produce a
+        // predicate like `<U as SomeTrait>::T = X`. This is somewhat
+        // subtle in the event that `T` is defined in a supertrait of
+        // `SomeTrait`, because in that case we need to upcast.
+        //
+        // That is, consider this case:
+        //
+        // ```
+        // trait SubTrait: SuperTrait<i32> { }
+        // trait SuperTrait<A> { type T; }
+        //
+        // ... B: SubTrait<T = foo> ...
+        // ```
+        //
+        // We want to produce `<B as SuperTrait<i32>>::T == foo`.
 
-                // FIXME: point at the type params that don't have appropriate lifetimes:
-                // struct S1<F: for<'a> Fn(&i32, &i32) -> &'a i32>(F);
-                //                         ----  ----     ^^^^^^^
-                self.validate_late_bound_regions(
-                    late_bound_in_trait_ref,
-                    late_bound_in_ty,
-                    |br_name| {
-                        struct_span_err!(
-                            tcx.sess,
-                            binding.span,
-                            E0582,
-                            "binding for associated type `{}` references {}, \
-                             which does not appear in the trait input types",
-                            binding.item_name,
-                            br_name
-                        )
-                    },
-                );
-            }
-        }
+        debug!(
+            "add_predicates_for_ast_type_binding(hir_ref_id {:?}, trait_ref {:?}, binding {:?}, bounds {:?}",
+            hir_ref_id, trait_ref, binding, bounds
+        );
+        let tcx = self.tcx();
 
         let candidate =
             if self.trait_defines_associated_type_named(trait_ref.def_id(), binding.item_name) {
@@ -1030,20 +1006,85 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
                 .or_insert(binding.span);
         }
 
+        // Include substitutions for generic parameters of associated types
+        let projection_ty = candidate.map_bound(|trait_ref| {
+            let item_segment = hir::PathSegment {
+                ident: assoc_ty.ident,
+                hir_id: None,
+                res: None,
+                args: Some(binding.gen_args),
+                infer_args: false,
+            };
+
+            let substs_trait_ref_and_assoc_item = self.create_substs_for_associated_item(
+                tcx,
+                path_span,
+                assoc_ty.def_id,
+                &item_segment,
+                trait_ref.substs,
+            );
+
+            debug!(
+                "add_predicates_for_ast_type_binding: substs for trait-ref and assoc_item: {:?}",
+                substs_trait_ref_and_assoc_item
+            );
+
+            ty::ProjectionTy {
+                item_def_id: assoc_ty.def_id,
+                substs: substs_trait_ref_and_assoc_item,
+            }
+        });
+
+        if !speculative {
+            // Find any late-bound regions declared in `ty` that are not
+            // declared in the trait-ref or assoc_ty. These are not well-formed.
+            //
+            // Example:
+            //
+            //     for<'a> <T as Iterator>::Item = &'a str // <-- 'a is bad
+            //     for<'a> <T as FnMut<(&'a u32,)>>::Output = &'a str // <-- 'a is ok
+            if let ConvertedBindingKind::Equality(ty) = binding.kind {
+                let late_bound_in_trait_ref =
+                    tcx.collect_constrained_late_bound_regions(&projection_ty);
+                let late_bound_in_ty =
+                    tcx.collect_referenced_late_bound_regions(&ty::Binder::bind(ty));
+                debug!("late_bound_in_trait_ref = {:?}", late_bound_in_trait_ref);
+                debug!("late_bound_in_ty = {:?}", late_bound_in_ty);
+
+                // FIXME: point at the type params that don't have appropriate lifetimes:
+                // struct S1<F: for<'a> Fn(&i32, &i32) -> &'a i32>(F);
+                //                         ----  ----     ^^^^^^^
+                self.validate_late_bound_regions(
+                    late_bound_in_trait_ref,
+                    late_bound_in_ty,
+                    |br_name| {
+                        struct_span_err!(
+                            tcx.sess,
+                            binding.span,
+                            E0582,
+                            "binding for associated type `{}` references {}, \
+                             which does not appear in the trait input types",
+                            binding.item_name,
+                            br_name
+                        )
+                    },
+                );
+            }
+        }
+
         match binding.kind {
             ConvertedBindingKind::Equality(ref ty) => {
                 // "Desugar" a constraint like `T: Iterator<Item = u32>` this to
                 // the "projection predicate" for:
                 //
                 // `<T as Iterator>::Item = u32`
                 bounds.projection_bounds.push((
-                    candidate.map_bound(|trait_ref| ty::ProjectionPredicate {
-                        projection_ty: ty::ProjectionTy::from_ref_and_name(
-                            tcx,
-                            trait_ref,
-                            binding.item_name,
-                        ),
-                        ty,
+                    projection_ty.map_bound(|projection_ty| {
+                        debug!(
+                            "add_predicates_for_ast_type_binding: projection_ty {:?}, substs: {:?}",
+                            projection_ty, projection_ty.substs
+                        );
+                        ty::ProjectionPredicate { projection_ty, ty }
                     }),
                     binding.span,
                 ));
@@ -1055,7 +1096,8 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
                 //
                 // Calling `skip_binder` is okay, because `add_bounds` expects the `param_ty`
                 // parameter to have a skipped binder.
-                let param_ty = tcx.mk_projection(assoc_ty.def_id, candidate.skip_binder().substs);
+                let param_ty =
+                    tcx.mk_projection(assoc_ty.def_id, projection_ty.skip_binder().substs);
                 self.add_bounds(param_ty, ast_bounds, bounds);
             }
         }

src/test/ui/generic-associated-types/gat-in-trait-path-undeclared-lifetime.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#![feature(generic_associated_types)]
+  //~^ WARNING: the feature `generic_associated_types` is incomplete
+
+trait X {
+  type Y<'x>;
+}
+
+fn main() {
+  fn _f(arg : Box<dyn for<'a> X<Y<'x> = &'a [u32]>>) {}
+    //~^ ERROR: use of undeclared lifetime name `'x`
+    //~| ERROR: binding for associated type `Y` references lifetime
+}

src/test/ui/generic-associated-types/gat-in-trait-path-undeclared-lifetime.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+warning: the feature `generic_associated_types` is incomplete and may not be safe to use and/or cause compiler crashes
+  --> $DIR/gat-in-trait-path-undeclared-lifetime.rs:1:12
+   |
+LL | #![feature(generic_associated_types)]
+   |            ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: `#[warn(incomplete_features)]` on by default
+   = note: see issue #44265 <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/44265> for more information
+
+error[E0261]: use of undeclared lifetime name `'x`
+  --> $DIR/gat-in-trait-path-undeclared-lifetime.rs:9:35
+   |
+LL |   fn _f(arg : Box<dyn for<'a> X<Y<'x> = &'a [u32]>>) {}
+   |        -                          ^^ undeclared lifetime
+   |        |
+   |        help: consider introducing lifetime `'x` here: `<'x>`
+   |
+   = help: if you want to experiment with in-band lifetime bindings, add `#![feature(in_band_lifetimes)]` to the crate attributes
+
+error[E0582]: binding for associated type `Y` references lifetime `'a`, which does not appear in the trait input types
+  --> $DIR/gat-in-trait-path-undeclared-lifetime.rs:9:33
+   |
+LL |   fn _f(arg : Box<dyn for<'a> X<Y<'x> = &'a [u32]>>) {}
+   |                                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error: aborting due to 2 previous errors; 1 warning emitted
+
+Some errors have detailed explanations: E0261, E0582.
+For more information about an error, try `rustc --explain E0261`.