[SimplifyCFG] Simplify switch instruction that has duplicate arms (#114262)

michaelmaitland · mshockwave · web-flow · commit 6b9952759f66 · 2024-11-15T15:38:34.000+01:00
I noticed that the two C functions emitted different IR:

```
int switch_duplicate_arms(int switch_val, int v, int w) {
  switch (switch_val) {
  default:
    break;
  case 0:
    w = v;
    break;
  case 1:
    w = v;
    break;
  }
  return w;
}

int if_duplicate_arms(int switch_val, int v, int w) {
  if (switch_val == 0)
    w = v;
  else if (switch_val == 1)
    w = v;
  return v0;
}
```

We generate IR that looks like this:

```
define i32 @switch_duplicate_arms(i32 %0, i32 %1, i32 %2, i32 %3) {
  switch i32 %1, label %7 [
    i32 0, label %5
    i32 1, label %6
  ]

5:
  br label %7

6:
  br label %7

7:
  %8 = phi i32 [ %3, %4 ], [ %2, %6 ], [ %2, %5 ]
  ret i32 %8
}

define i32 @if_duplicate_arms(i32 %0, i32 %1, i32 %2, i32 %3) {
  %5 = icmp ult i32 %1, 2
  %6 = select i1 %5, i32 %2, i32 %3
  ret i32 %6
}
```

For `switch_duplicate_arms`, taking case 0 and 1 are the same since %5
and %6
branch to the same location and the incoming values for %8 are the same
from
those blocks. We could remove one on the duplicate switch targets and
update
the switch with the single target.

On RISC-V, prior to this patch, we generate the following code:
```
switch_duplicate_arms:
        li      a4, 1
        beq     a1, a4, .LBB0_2
        mv      a0, a3
        bnez    a1, .LBB0_3
.LBB0_2:
        mv      a0, a2
.LBB0_3:
        ret

if_duplicate_arms:
        li      a4, 2
        mv      a0, a2
        bltu    a1, a4, .LBB1_2
        mv      a0, a3
.LBB1_2:
        ret
```

After this patch, the O3 code is optimized to the icmp + select pair,
which
gives us the same code gen as `if_duplicate_arms`, as desired. This
results
is one less branch instruction in the final assembly.

This may help with both code size and further switch simplification. I
found
that this patch causes no significant impact to spec2006/int/ref and
spec2017/intrate/ref.

---------

Co-authored-by: Min Hsu &lt;min@myhsu.dev&gt;
diff --git a/llvm/lib/Transforms/Utils/SimplifyCFG.cpp b/llvm/lib/Transforms/Utils/SimplifyCFG.cpp
@@ -276,6 +276,7 @@ class SimplifyCFGOpt {
   bool simplifyCleanupReturn(CleanupReturnInst *RI);
   bool simplifyUnreachable(UnreachableInst *UI);
   bool simplifySwitch(SwitchInst *SI, IRBuilder<> &Builder);
+  bool simplifyDuplicateSwitchArms(SwitchInst *SI, DomTreeUpdater *DTU);
   bool simplifyIndirectBr(IndirectBrInst *IBI);
   bool simplifyBranch(BranchInst *Branch, IRBuilder<> &Builder);
   bool simplifyUncondBranch(BranchInst *BI, IRBuilder<> &Builder);
@@ -7436,6 +7437,179 @@ static bool simplifySwitchOfCmpIntrinsic(SwitchInst *SI, IRBuilderBase &Builder,
   return true;
 }
 
+/// Checking whether two cases of SI are equal depends on the contents of the
+/// BasicBlock and the incoming values of their successor PHINodes.
+/// PHINode::getIncomingValueForBlock is O(|Preds|), so we'd like to avoid
+/// calling this function on each BasicBlock every time isEqual is called,
+/// especially since the same BasicBlock may be passed as an argument multiple
+/// times. To do this, we can precompute a map of PHINode -> Pred BasicBlock ->
+/// IncomingValue and add it in the Wrapper so isEqual can do O(1) checking
+/// of the incoming values.
+struct SwitchSuccWrapper {
+  // Keep so we can use SwitchInst::setSuccessor to do the replacement. It won't
+  // be important to equality though.
+  unsigned SuccNum;
+  BasicBlock *Dest;
+  DenseMap<PHINode *, SmallDenseMap<BasicBlock *, Value *, 8>> *PhiPredIVs;
+};
+
+namespace llvm {
+template <> struct DenseMapInfo<const SwitchSuccWrapper *> {
+  static const SwitchSuccWrapper *getEmptyKey() {
+    return static_cast<SwitchSuccWrapper *>(
+        DenseMapInfo<void *>::getEmptyKey());
+  }
+  static const SwitchSuccWrapper *getTombstoneKey() {
+    return static_cast<SwitchSuccWrapper *>(
+        DenseMapInfo<void *>::getTombstoneKey());
+  }
+  static unsigned getHashValue(const SwitchSuccWrapper *SSW) {
+    BasicBlock *Succ = SSW->Dest;
+    BranchInst *BI = cast<BranchInst>(Succ->getTerminator());
+    assert(BI->isUnconditional() &&
+           "Only supporting unconditional branches for now");
+    assert(BI->getNumSuccessors() == 1 &&
+           "Expected unconditional branches to have one successor");
+    assert(Succ->size() == 1 && "Expected just a single branch in the BB");
+
+    // Since we assume the BB is just a single BranchInst with a single
+    // successor, we hash as the BB and the incoming Values of its successor
+    // PHIs. Initially, we tried to just use the successor BB as the hash, but
+    // including the incoming PHI values leads to better performance.
+    // We also tried to build a map from BB -> Succs.IncomingValues ahead of
+    // time and passing it in SwitchSuccWrapper, but this slowed down the
+    // average compile time without having any impact on the worst case compile
+    // time.
+    BasicBlock *BB = BI->getSuccessor(0);
+    SmallVector<Value *> PhiValsForBB;
+    for (PHINode &Phi : BB->phis())
+      PhiValsForBB.emplace_back((*SSW->PhiPredIVs)[&Phi][BB]);
+
+    return hash_combine(
+        BB, hash_combine_range(PhiValsForBB.begin(), PhiValsForBB.end()));
+  }
+  static bool isEqual(const SwitchSuccWrapper *LHS,
+                      const SwitchSuccWrapper *RHS) {
+    auto EKey = DenseMapInfo<SwitchSuccWrapper *>::getEmptyKey();
+    auto TKey = DenseMapInfo<SwitchSuccWrapper *>::getTombstoneKey();
+    if (LHS == EKey || RHS == EKey || LHS == TKey || RHS == TKey)
+      return LHS == RHS;
+
+    BasicBlock *A = LHS->Dest;
+    BasicBlock *B = RHS->Dest;
+
+    // FIXME: we checked that the size of A and B are both 1 in
+    // simplifyDuplicateSwitchArms to make the Case list smaller to
+    // improve performance. If we decide to support BasicBlocks with more
+    // than just a single instruction, we need to check that A.size() ==
+    // B.size() here, and we need to check more than just the BranchInsts
+    // for equality.
+
+    BranchInst *ABI = cast<BranchInst>(A->getTerminator());
+    BranchInst *BBI = cast<BranchInst>(B->getTerminator());
+    assert(ABI->isUnconditional() && BBI->isUnconditional() &&
+           "Only supporting unconditional branches for now");
+    if (ABI->getSuccessor(0) != BBI->getSuccessor(0))
+      return false;
+
+    // Need to check that PHIs in successor have matching values
+    BasicBlock *Succ = ABI->getSuccessor(0);
+    for (PHINode &Phi : Succ->phis()) {
+      auto &PredIVs = (*LHS->PhiPredIVs)[&Phi];
+      if (PredIVs[A] != PredIVs[B])
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
+};
+} // namespace llvm
+
+bool SimplifyCFGOpt::simplifyDuplicateSwitchArms(SwitchInst *SI,
+                                                 DomTreeUpdater *DTU) {
+  // Build Cases. Skip BBs that are not candidates for simplification. Mark
+  // PHINodes which need to be processed into PhiPredIVs. We decide to process
+  // an entire PHI at once after the loop, opposed to calling
+  // getIncomingValueForBlock inside this loop, since each call to
+  // getIncomingValueForBlock is O(|Preds|).
+  SmallPtrSet<PHINode *, 8> Phis;
+  SmallPtrSet<BasicBlock *, 8> Seen;
+  DenseMap<PHINode *, SmallDenseMap<BasicBlock *, Value *, 8>> PhiPredIVs;
+  SmallVector<SwitchSuccWrapper> Cases;
+  Cases.reserve(SI->getNumSuccessors());
+
+  for (unsigned I = 0; I < SI->getNumSuccessors(); ++I) {
+    BasicBlock *BB = SI->getSuccessor(I);
+
+    // FIXME: Support more than just a single BranchInst. One way we could do
+    // this is by taking a hashing approach of all insts in BB.
+    if (BB->size() != 1)
+      continue;
+
+    // FIXME: This case needs some extra care because the terminators other than
+    // SI need to be updated.
+    if (BB->hasNPredecessorsOrMore(2))
+      continue;
+
+    // FIXME: Relax that the terminator is a BranchInst by checking for equality
+    // on other kinds of terminators. We decide to only support unconditional
+    // branches for now for compile time reasons.
+    auto *BI = dyn_cast<BranchInst>(BB->getTerminator());
+    if (!BI || BI->isConditional())
+      continue;
+
+    if (Seen.insert(BB).second) {
+      // Keep track of which PHIs we need as keys in PhiPredIVs below.
+      for (BasicBlock *Succ : BI->successors())
+        for (PHINode &Phi : Succ->phis())
+          Phis.insert(&Phi);
+    }
+    Cases.emplace_back(SwitchSuccWrapper{I, BB, &PhiPredIVs});
+  }
+
+  // Precompute a data structure to improve performance of isEqual for
+  // SwitchSuccWrapper.
+  PhiPredIVs.reserve(Phis.size());
+  for (PHINode *Phi : Phis) {
+    PhiPredIVs[Phi] =
+        SmallDenseMap<BasicBlock *, Value *, 8>(Phi->getNumIncomingValues());
+    for (auto &IV : Phi->incoming_values())
+      PhiPredIVs[Phi].insert({Phi->getIncomingBlock(IV), IV.get()});
+  }
+
+  // Build a set such that if the SwitchSuccWrapper exists in the set and
+  // another SwitchSuccWrapper isEqual, then the equivalent SwitchSuccWrapper
+  // which is not in the set should be replaced with the one in the set. If the
+  // SwitchSuccWrapper is not in the set, then it should be added to the set so
+  // other SwitchSuccWrappers can check against it in the same manner. We use
+  // SwitchSuccWrapper instead of just BasicBlock because we'd like to pass
+  // around information to isEquality, getHashValue, and when doing the
+  // replacement with better performance.
+  DenseSet<const SwitchSuccWrapper *> ReplaceWith;
+  ReplaceWith.reserve(Cases.size());
+
+  SmallVector<DominatorTree::UpdateType> Updates;
+  Updates.reserve(ReplaceWith.size());
+  bool MadeChange = false;
+  for (auto &SSW : Cases) {
+    // SSW is a candidate for simplification. If we find a duplicate BB,
+    // replace it.
+    const auto [It, Inserted] = ReplaceWith.insert(&SSW);
+    if (!Inserted) {
+      // We know that SI's parent BB no longer dominates the old case successor
+      // since we are making it dead.
+      Updates.push_back({DominatorTree::Delete, SI->getParent(), SSW.Dest});
+      SI->setSuccessor(SSW.SuccNum, (*It)->Dest);
+      MadeChange = true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (DTU)
+    DTU->applyUpdates(Updates);
+
+  return MadeChange;
+}
+
 bool SimplifyCFGOpt::simplifySwitch(SwitchInst *SI, IRBuilder<> &Builder) {
   BasicBlock *BB = SI->getParent();
 
@@ -7496,6 +7670,9 @@ bool SimplifyCFGOpt::simplifySwitch(SwitchInst *SI, IRBuilder<> &Builder) {
       hoistCommonCodeFromSuccessors(SI, !Options.HoistCommonInsts))
     return requestResimplify();
 
+  if (simplifyDuplicateSwitchArms(SI, DTU))
+    return requestResimplify();
+
   return false;
 }
 
diff --git a/llvm/test/Transforms/PhaseOrdering/switch-sext.ll b/llvm/test/Transforms/PhaseOrdering/switch-sext.ll
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ define i8 @test_switch_with_sext_phi(i8 %code) {
 ; CHECK-SAME: i8 [[CODE:%.*]]) local_unnamed_addr #[[ATTR0:[0-9]+]] {
 ; CHECK-NEXT:  entry:
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    switch i8 [[CODE]], label [[SW_EPILOG:%.*]] [
-; CHECK-NEXT:      i8 76, label [[SW_BB3:%.*]]
 ; CHECK-NEXT:      i8 108, label [[SW_BB2:%.*]]
+; CHECK-NEXT:      i8 76, label [[SW_BB3:%.*]]
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    ]
 ; CHECK:       sw.bb2:
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    br label [[SW_EPILOG]]
diff --git a/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/ForwardSwitchConditionToPHI.ll b/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/ForwardSwitchConditionToPHI.ll
@@ -139,16 +139,14 @@ define i32 @PR34471(i32 %x) {
 ; NO_FWD-NEXT:    switch i32 [[X:%.*]], label [[ELSE3:%.*]] [
 ; NO_FWD-NEXT:      i32 17, label [[RETURN:%.*]]
 ; NO_FWD-NEXT:      i32 19, label [[IF19:%.*]]
-; NO_FWD-NEXT:      i32 42, label [[IF42:%.*]]
+; NO_FWD-NEXT:      i32 42, label [[IF19]]
 ; NO_FWD-NEXT:    ]
 ; NO_FWD:       if19:
 ; NO_FWD-NEXT:    br label [[RETURN]]
-; NO_FWD:       if42:
-; NO_FWD-NEXT:    br label [[RETURN]]
 ; NO_FWD:       else3:
 ; NO_FWD-NEXT:    br label [[RETURN]]
 ; NO_FWD:       return:
-; NO_FWD-NEXT:    [[R:%.*]] = phi i32 [ [[X]], [[IF19]] ], [ [[X]], [[IF42]] ], [ 0, [[ELSE3]] ], [ 17, [[ENTRY:%.*]] ]
+; NO_FWD-NEXT:    [[R:%.*]] = phi i32 [ [[X]], [[IF19]] ], [ 0, [[ELSE3]] ], [ 17, [[ENTRY:%.*]] ]
 ; NO_FWD-NEXT:    ret i32 [[R]]
 ;
 ; FWD-LABEL: @PR34471(
diff --git a/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/HoistCode.ll b/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/HoistCode.ll
@@ -65,14 +65,12 @@ define float @PR39535min_switch(i64 %i, float %x) {
 ; CHECK-NEXT:  entry:
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    switch i64 [[I:%.*]], label [[END:%.*]] [
 ; CHECK-NEXT:      i64 1, label [[BB1:%.*]]
-; CHECK-NEXT:      i64 2, label [[BB2:%.*]]
+; CHECK-NEXT:      i64 2, label [[BB1]]
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    ]
 ; CHECK:       bb1:
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    br label [[END]]
-; CHECK:       bb2:
-; CHECK-NEXT:    br label [[END]]
 ; CHECK:       end:
-; CHECK-NEXT:    [[COND:%.*]] = phi fast float [ [[X:%.*]], [[BB1]] ], [ [[X]], [[BB2]] ], [ 0.000000e+00, [[ENTRY:%.*]] ]
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[COND:%.*]] = phi fast float [ [[X:%.*]], [[BB1]] ], [ 0.000000e+00, [[ENTRY:%.*]] ]
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    ret float [[COND]]
 ;
 entry:
diff --git a/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/switch-dup-bbs.ll b/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/switch-dup-bbs.ll
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+; NOTE: Assertions have been autogenerated by utils/update_test_checks.py UTC_ARGS: --version 5
+; RUN: opt < %s -passes=simplifycfg -simplifycfg-require-and-preserve-domtree=1 -S \
+; RUN:   | FileCheck %s -check-prefix=SIMPLIFY-CFG
+
+define i32 @switch_all_duplicate_arms(i32 %0, i32 %1, i32 %2, i32 %3) {
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-LABEL: define i32 @switch_all_duplicate_arms(
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-SAME: i32 [[TMP0:%.*]], i32 [[TMP1:%.*]], i32 [[TMP2:%.*]], i32 [[TMP3:%.*]]) {
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    switch i32 [[TMP1]], label %[[BB6:.*]] [
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:      i32 0, label %[[BB5:.*]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:      i32 1, label %[[BB5]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    ]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG:       [[BB5]]:
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    br label %[[BB6]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG:       [[BB6]]:
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    [[TMP8:%.*]] = phi i32 [ [[TMP3]], [[TMP4:%.*]] ], [ [[TMP2]], %[[BB5]] ]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    ret i32 [[TMP8]]
+;
+  switch i32 %1, label %7 [
+  i32 0, label %5
+  i32 1, label %6
+  ]
+
+5:
+  br label %7
+
+6:
+  br label %7
+
+7:
+  %8 = phi i32 [ %3, %4 ], [ %2, %6 ], [ %2, %5 ]
+  ret i32 %8
+}
+
+define i32 @switch_some_duplicate_arms(i32 %0, i32 %1, i32 %2, i32 %3, i32 %4) {
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-LABEL: define i32 @switch_some_duplicate_arms(
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-SAME: i32 [[TMP0:%.*]], i32 [[TMP1:%.*]], i32 [[TMP2:%.*]], i32 [[TMP3:%.*]], i32 [[TMP4:%.*]]) {
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    switch i32 [[TMP1]], label %[[BB8:.*]] [
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:      i32 0, label %[[BB6:.*]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:      i32 1, label %[[BB6]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:      i32 2, label %[[BB7:.*]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    ]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG:       [[BB6]]:
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    br label %[[BB8]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG:       [[BB7]]:
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    br label %[[BB8]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG:       [[BB8]]:
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    [[TMP10:%.*]] = phi i32 [ [[TMP3]], [[TMP5:%.*]] ], [ [[TMP4]], %[[BB7]] ], [ [[TMP2]], %[[BB6]] ]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    ret i32 [[TMP10]]
+;
+  switch i32 %1, label %9 [
+  i32 0, label %6
+  i32 1, label %7
+  i32 2, label %8
+  ]
+
+6:
+  br label %9
+
+7:
+  br label %9
+
+8:
+  br label %9
+
+9:
+  %10 = phi i32 [ %3, %5 ], [ %4, %8 ], [ %2, %7 ], [ %2, %6 ]
+  ret i32 %10
+}
+
+define i32 @switch_duplicate_arms_multipred(i1 %0, i32 %1, i32 %2, i32 %3, i32 %4) {
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-LABEL: define i32 @switch_duplicate_arms_multipred(
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-SAME: i1 [[TMP0:%.*]], i32 [[TMP1:%.*]], i32 [[TMP2:%.*]], i32 [[TMP3:%.*]], i32 [[TMP4:%.*]]) {
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    br i1 [[TMP0]], label %[[BB6:.*]], label %[[BB7:.*]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG:       [[BB6]]:
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    switch i32 [[TMP2]], label %[[BB9:.*]] [
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:      i32 0, label %[[BB7]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:      i32 1, label %[[BB8:.*]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    ]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG:       [[BB7]]:
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    br label %[[BB9]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG:       [[BB8]]:
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    br label %[[BB9]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG:       [[BB9]]:
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    [[TMP10:%.*]] = phi i32 [ [[TMP4]], %[[BB6]] ], [ [[TMP3]], %[[BB8]] ], [ [[TMP3]], %[[BB7]] ]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    ret i32 [[TMP10]]
+;
+  br i1 %0, label %6, label %7
+6:
+  switch i32 %2, label %9 [
+  i32 0, label %7
+  i32 1, label %8
+  ]
+
+7:
+  br label %9
+
+8:
+  br label %9
+
+9:
+  %10 = phi i32 [ %4, %6 ], [ %3, %8 ], [ %3, %7 ]
+  ret i32 %10
+}
+
+define i32 @switch_dup_default(i32 %0, i32 %1, i32 %2, i32 %3) {
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-LABEL: define i32 @switch_dup_default(
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-SAME: i32 [[TMP0:%.*]], i32 [[TMP1:%.*]], i32 [[TMP2:%.*]], i32 [[TMP3:%.*]]) {
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    [[COND:%.*]] = icmp eq i32 [[TMP1]], 0
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    [[TMP8:%.*]] = select i1 [[COND]], i32 [[TMP3]], i32 [[TMP2]]
+; SIMPLIFY-CFG-NEXT:    ret i32 [[TMP8]]
+;
+  switch i32 %1, label %7 [
+  i32 0, label %5
+  i32 1, label %6
+  ]
+
+5:
+  br label %8
+
+6:
+  br label %8
+
+7:
+  br label %8
+
+8:
+  %9 = phi i32 [ %3, %5 ], [ %2, %6 ], [ %2, %7 ]
+  ret i32 %9
+}
diff --git a/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/switch-to-select-two-case.ll b/llvm/test/Transforms/SimplifyCFG/switch-to-select-two-case.ll
@@ -272,16 +272,14 @@ define i8 @switch_to_select_two_case_results_no_default(i32 %i) {
 ; CHECK-NEXT:      i32 0, label [[END:%.*]]
 ; CHECK-NEXT:      i32 2, label [[END]]
 ; CHECK-NEXT:      i32 4, label [[CASE3:%.*]]
-; CHECK-NEXT:      i32 6, label [[CASE4:%.*]]
+; CHECK-NEXT:      i32 6, label [[CASE3]]
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    ]
 ; CHECK:       case3:
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    br label [[END]]
-; CHECK:       case4:
-; CHECK-NEXT:    br label [[END]]
 ; CHECK:       default:
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    unreachable
 ; CHECK:       end:
-; CHECK-NEXT:    [[T0:%.*]] = phi i8 [ 44, [[CASE3]] ], [ 44, [[CASE4]] ], [ 42, [[ENTRY:%.*]] ], [ 42, [[ENTRY]] ]
+; CHECK-NEXT:    [[T0:%.*]] = phi i8 [ 44, [[CASE3]] ], [ 42, [[ENTRY:%.*]] ], [ 42, [[ENTRY]] ]
 ; CHECK-NEXT:    ret i8 [[T0]]
 ;
 entry:
